Relación entre el realce parenquimatoso de fondo y los distintos subtipos moleculares de cáncer de mama.
Palabras clave:
realce parenquimatoso, poster, seram, subtipos moleculares, cáncer de mama, parénquima peritumoral, RPF, realce parenquimatoso de fondoResumen
Objetivos
INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS
El cáncer de mama es un conjunto de enfermedades diversas con tipos histológicos, presentaciones clínicas y respuestas al tratamiento distintos.
El perfil de expresión génica, basándose en las similitudes genéticas que comparten estos cánceres, proporciona cierta organización estableciendo subtipos moleculares (1,2).
Avances en este campo han conseguido que se clasifique el cáncer de mama en cuatro subtipos moleculares distintos: Luminal A, Luminal B, HER 2, y triple negativo. Son estos subtipos moleculares los que proporcionan a los clínicos un nuevo método para predecir la evolución clínica y los beneficios del tratamiento, independientemente de los factores de riesgo tradicionales, de modo que puedan seleccionar el tratamiento más apropiado para cada paciente y ofrecer un manejo individualizado de su enfermedad (3).
Hasta la fecha, la mayoría de los estudios sobre cáncer de mama se han centrado en la caracterización del tumor en sí mismo. Pero se conoce relativamente poco sobre el significado diagnóstico y pronóstico que posee el parénquima peritumoral en RM.
La captación del tejido fibroglandular de la mama en RM se denomina realce parenquimatoso de fondo (RPF) y según su cantidad se clasifica en mínimo, leve, moderado o marcado, siguiendo las recomendaciones de léxico para RM de la quinta edición del sistema BI-RADS® (4).
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